TURKISH ART TILE
Art tile is a handicraft of firing and shaping earth as objects like cup, plate, vase, jug, tile etc.Turkish art tile goes back to Karakhanids of first Turkish States. This shows that it has a history of at least thousand years. Great Seljukians and Anatolian Seljukians used art tiles often on architectural decorations. After the Anatolian Seljukians fell apart; art tiles reborn in a new period with the establishment of theOttoman Empire. The first Ottoman ceramics is seen on Bursa Yeşil Mosque and Tomb (1421), Bursa Muradiye Mosque (1426), Edirne Muradiye Mosque (1433) and Tiled Pavilion (1472). The tiles on these are mostly produced as mosaics or with vitrified paint technique. The colours used on the tiles of that period were dark blue and black as well asgeometrical patterns. There were great developments in ceramics production in Iznik both in terms of quality and pattern in 16th century and Turkish art tile experienced its’ brightest era. The Ottoman left the techniques like mosaic, developed under glaze paint and glazing technique. Thus, nakkaşhane (meaning the artists serving for the Ottoman Palace) developed and produced new patterns and figures. With usage of red, green, blue, dark blue, turquoise and brown, Iznik ceramics also started a new period.